How insulated glass changed architecture

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Published 2022-02-03
No pane, no gain.

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Today, it’s easy to take big glass windows and doors for granted, whether they show up in commercial buildings or in our homes. But this use of glass is, at its core, a technological breakthrough that changed how we live and how our buildings work.

As Thomas Leslie explains, insulated glass shaped the look of the 20th century. Big but poorly insulated glass windows went out of fashion as electricity allowed for the production of artificial light. Builders needed a new way to install windows that let in natural light, but also controlled heat.

Insulated glass was that solution. As the above video shows, the invention of a branded glass, Thermopane, and its immediate competitors, led to the landscape we recognize today.

Further Reading:
In this paper about the development of insulated glass, Thomas Leslie explores the history of the enclosure. www.jstor.org/stable/26632385?refreqid=excelsior%3…

Flickr groups can be a great tool for finding old ads. The “Vintage Advertising” group includes some great examples of old Thermopane ads:
www.flickr.com/search/?group_id=73616815%40N00&vie…
You can also find ads for Twindow:
www.flickr.com/search/?group_id=73616815%40N00&vie…

The video in this film, American Look, is a 1958 look at the cutting edge of design. It’s still a gorgeous film and includes some great predictions (as well as some interesting incorrect ones).
www.filmpreservation.org/preserved-films/screening…

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All Comments (21)
  • @Vox
    Thanks for watching! Other Thermopane experiments happened before it was adopted for residential use — Thermopane maker, Libbey-Owens-Ford made canopies for P-47 fighter planes in 1943 and 1944. -Phil
  • @AlwaresHUN
    I live in a 120 year old apartment (in Budapest) and its have the samewhat original windows and these are huge. But the difference is that in every place I have two windows in front of each other, and its have 10 cm of air between them. Its insulates pretty well, but its not practical for houses with thinner walls (mine have 40 cm thick walls to the outside).
  • @murilot.c3823
    This is even more interesting when you consider that this change happened duing the Cold War, and created a really huge difference between the American and Soviet Architecture
  • @adamigo1000
    Phil always picks the most fascinating topics, we often wonder about, but don't check!
  • @jackjensen422
    Loved the inclusions of the front pages in these newspapers, reminding us that this glass thing was never front page news, and reminding Bob that what he saw in Belgium lurks in the heart of every evil man.
  • @PotatoPothado
    Please make more content like this. I am now knowledgeable of glass and it’s function in Bob’s life.
  • @jellysecret
    im from finland, insulated glass is a must here!! especially for that scandinavian, flooded with natural light kind of vibe. most houses also double doors here, sometimes with a mudroom inbetween them. we take our insulation seriously!
  • @Sacto1654
    But instulated glass windows was still relatively unknown to American homeowners until the late 1970's, when the effects of two energy crises forced state regulators to require insulated glass windows in many new homes. I had my home's windows replaced with insulated windows in 2010 and the result in lower electric and gas bills was huge.
  • @DevSarman
    As an architecture student graduate, this relates a lot
  • @greegeo
    Gotta say I loved the Celsius temperature being shown there. Otherwise I'd have just kept watching the video and ignoring that piece of information. Please, keep doing this, Vox
  • @janelarson1812
    I'd love to see more of these videos about architectural invention!
  • @williamhild1793
    "Bob" is Olan Soule. He was an actor in a number of different TV shows. For me, most notably in several episodes of Dragnet.
  • @Game_Hero
    The bob running joke was the best part of the video, keep having jokes like this please!
  • @joermnyc
    For residential use at least, the “dry air” was replaced with argon as it works a little better.
  • Now please show this video to the UK where, even in rich areas like Kensington, Hampstead, etc… (and even though it’s an historically humid/wet country) you can easily find most of the apartments with one-layered-sliding windows which have the subsequent effect of producing terrible isolation from the cold in winter (you can literally feel the breeze of the wind passing through and shaking the blinds) and from the heat in summer (which makes sun-exposed rooms practically unusable). And how funny that here in the UK the majority of people just go on with this, paying a shitloads of money for winter heating (which gets dispersed easily as the windows do no isolate properly) and which creates a vicious cycle of higher bills and less comfort. Not very environmentally friendly…
  • "Some quip about Bob to get more attention." It would have been great to have some more details on the Solar Heat Gain of these modern units and how this can be tuned for different climates. Also, there are a lot of different gases being used between the layers other than dry air; Argon, Krypton, Xenon. There are even DGUs with vacuum (no gass) that offer the best insulation. So much technical depth to explore here beyond just the architectural impacts. For anyone interested, my family has been working with Pittsburgh Plate Glass for over 100 years. And with window glass for 50 years more!