Criticisms of the Solutrean Hypothesis
205,037
Published 2019-05-18
Sources:
Boulanger, Matthew T., and Metin I. Eren. “On the Inferred Age and Origin of Lithic Bi-Points from the Eastern Seaboard and Their Relevance to the Pleistocene Peopling of North America.” American Antiquity, vol. 80, no. 1, 2015, pp. 134–145., doi:10.7183/0002-7316.79.4.134134.
Eren, Metin I., et al. “More On The Rumor Of ‘Intentional Overshot Flaking’ And The Purported Ice-Age Atlantic Crossing.” Lithic Technology, vol. 39, no. 1, 2014, pp. 55–63., doi:10.1179/0197726113z.00000000033.
Fagundes, Nelson J.r., et al. “Mitochondrial Population Genomics Supports a Single Pre-Clovis Origin with a Coastal Route for the Peopling of the Americas.” The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 82, no. 3, 2008, pp. 583–592., doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.013.
Lazaridis I, Patterson N, Mittnik A, et al. Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. Nature. 2014;513(7518):409–413. doi:10.1038/nature13673
Meltzer, David J. “Kennewick Man: Coming to Closure.” Antiquity, vol. 89, no. 348, 2015, pp. 1485–1493., doi:10.15184/aqy.2015.160.
O'brien, Michael J., et al. “On Thin Ice: Problems with Stanford and Bradley's Proposed Solutrean Colonisation of North America.” Antiquity, vol. 88, no. 340, 2014, pp. 606–613., doi:10.1017/s0003598x0010122x.
Posth, Cosimo et al. Reconstructing the Deep Population History of Central and South America
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Phillips, Kelly M. “Solutrean Seal Hunters?” Journal of Anthropological Research, vol. 70, no. 4, 2014, pp. 573–600., doi:10.3998/jar.0521004.0070.404.
Raff, Jennifer A., and Deborah A. Bolnick. “Does Mitochondrial Haplogroup X Indicate Ancient Trans-Atlantic Migration to the Americas? A Critical Re-Evaluation.” PaleoAmerica, vol. 1, no. 4, 2015, pp. 297–304., doi:10.1179/2055556315z.00000000040.
Rasmussen, Morten, et al. “The Ancestry and Affiliations of Kennewick Man.” Nature, 2015, doi:10.1038/nature14625.
Sanchez, G., et al. “Human (Clovis)-Gomphothere (Cuvieronius Sp.) Association 13,390 Calibrated YBP in Sonora, Mexico.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 111, no. 30, 2014, pp. 10972–10977., doi:10.1073/pnas.1404546111.
Straus, Lawrence Guy. “Solutrean Settlement of North America? A Review of Reality.” American Antiquity, vol. 65, no. 2, 2000, pp. 219–226., doi:10.2307/2694056.
Westley, Kieran, and Justin Dix. “The Solutrean Atlantic Hypothesis: A View from the Ocean.” Journal of the North Atlantic, vol. 1, 2008, pp. 85–98., doi:10.3721/j080527.
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All Comments (21)
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I found out whilst editing that Dennis Stanford, one of the main archaeologists behind the Solutrean Hypothesis, recently died. Although I disagree with him and know very little about the man, he was the director of the Paleoindian program at the Smithsonian Institute and I don't believe you could get that position if you weren't an accomplished archaeologist. So rest in peace Mr. Stanford, thank you for your contributions to our understanding of the human past.
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I ate from a bowl this morning, and from what I've heard there were people eating from bowls in the bronze age Hittite empire thousands of years ago. Clearly the bronze age Hittites are extremely closely culturally related to 21st century Californians.
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Stone only breaks in so many ways. There are a limited number of styles that make useful tools. Arrowheads, for instance, can be triangles, side notched, corner notched, etc, with a pointy end. There are only so many ways to knap a point. I use outre passe and I can flute a point, however, fluting is risky, so I rarely do it. Outre passe is a real time saver, so I often employ it. It has nothing to do with culture. It has only to do with the materials used. We might say that all hammered bronze and copper must be related, because it is all hammered to shape, but we know better.
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9:51 You have to admit, that bust is a dead ringer for Jean-Luc Picard.
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“It’s a very popular theory...” Really? “... outside of academic circles.” Yeah, thought so.
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Oh, good. For a moment I was afraid you were going to criticize the Soultrain Hypothesis.
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I’ve heard you say in many of your vids how you’re “not really an archaeologist”, etc., but I think you’re a fantastic educator and video creator. And, you bring this information to so many of us who otherwise wouldn’t get to learn about it, so thank you. This is one of my absolute favorite YouTube channels
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One thing that has always interested me is the thought that the coastlines of those times are now miles out to sea,most traces of early visitors would therefore be lost assuming that they followed the coastlines,which would have been the best places to forage.
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Yep. Hard to refute DNA evidence now a days. Throws a lot of theories out the window.
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0:22 it's like you're in a Bob Ross painting come to life
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Linguistic evidences suggests a link between the languages of the Americas and Asia. Along with genetic evidence it seems highly unlikely the solutrean hypothesis is correct.
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This is not an argument I know anything about, but judging by the evidence you've provided here it seems like people using evidence to fit a theory rather than developing a theory from evidence. I LOLed at the Nandos joke.
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The Solutrean Hypothesis refuted by the Hanky-Panky Hypothesis
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The reason that that one data point re. population bottleneck referenced only women is that the researchers studying that phenomenon likely were measuring mitochondrial DNA (genetic information inherited only thru mothers)
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Debate and discourse is always the way forwards...thanks for uploading.
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Dude you are doing so well! Very interesting and refreshing content. Keep it up!
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once again, a beautiful theory savagely pummeled by a brutal gang of facts.
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I love your channel man. I'm subscribed to like 1500 channels and yours is one of the few i check faithfully. Chillest history guy on youtube with vast amounts of knowledge. Hats off
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Hey mate, I'm also a dual citizen (US/UK) living in Portland, OR. I appreciate your thoughts and efforts to share knowledge via your channel. I also appreciate your backshots showing home! Please consider using the tulip festivals (if it still happens this year) in a future video. Thank you for sharing your passion! Excellent work.
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RE: the Surui -- an Australasian connection wouldn't be too surprising given linguistic, agricultural, and genetic ties between the Peruvian coast and Polynesians. It'd be interesting to figure out how they came to the South American interior, but the historical linguistic range of Tupi-Guarani extends across most of the continent, so it's clear there was a lot of migration even fairly recently in precolumbian history.
