How Salt Shaped Civilization: From the Roman Empire to the French Revolution

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Published 2024-06-25
From the very first settlement in recorded history, early humans knew that to survive in the new age of agriculture, they'd need two things: access to water, and a source of salt. Without salt, our meats and vegetables wouldn't last long enough to help us survive droughts, monsoons, and long periods between harvests. Our bodies wouldn't have the necessary nutrients to live, and the entire experiment in building permanent villages might have failed. Salt tells the story of everything- as it was a foundational component of every culture, ever. And the lengths societies went to in order to procure the stuff...well that gave us innovations ranging from commerce to hydraulics to so much more. In this video we look at the origins of the salt trade. The myths and legends surrounding its discovery, and the incredible stories from the earliest days of history all the way to the 20th century that have followed humanity's long and important love affair with salt.

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0:00 - Introduction
1:07 - Salt Everywhere
4:36 - The Beginning
8:24 - Salted Fish
11:21 - Religion and Mythology
13:51 - Three Origin Stories
17:19 - The Early Salt Trade
19:54 - The Big Change
22:37 - Fish Sauce
25:54 - Riches and Salt Fortunes
28:03 - Ancient Rome
30:18 - Meat and Cheese
31:17 - Salt Wars
34:34 - Revolution and Resistance
37:33 - Salt in the Developing World
40:09 - Sausage and Sauerkraut
42:24 - On Every Table
46:32 - Burger and Fries
49:14 - American Salt History
51:17 - Conclusion

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Video Credits:

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   • Ever Wonder How Sea Salt Is Made? Fin...  
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   • 1970s Cargo ship by Transnave heading...  
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   • Producing and Harvesting 54 Million T...  
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All Comments (21)
  • @OTRontheroad
    Location pins: 1. J Cafe (Israeli food & grocery): maps.app.goo.gl/kkbs1mwMty3eVfXa7 2. Le Dalat (Vietnamese): maps.app.goo.gl/kffeBDkyGbpjzAVQ9 3. El Mercado** (Meat and Cheese): maps.app.goo.gl/eHbWXpN5zu4tAeqz5 4. Ratsstube (German): maps.app.goo.gl/tsfUieVSdyVN7pWv8 5. Easy Burger (Burgers): maps.app.goo.gl/encmA7oGrbFap9FX6 ** = I do need to issue a qualifier. We choose our locations carefully and are extremely proud of the fact that many places we highlight see a nice boost in business thanks to our viewers. So I feel like I owe it to you to tell you that our experience while filming here was the worst we've had on the channel, ever, in just about every facet...the food quality was a huge disappointment, and after seeing how the manager treated his own staff, we nearly cut the segment from the video entirely, and kept it in just because of how great Kit was (our server) and we wanted to at least give him a quick shout-out. This is not the place or forum for me to go into further detail on this subject but it's important for me to make clear- for the first time ever in an OTR video- this is not an endorsement of a place we chose to film. I'm certainly not saying "don't go here"- just, don't view this as our recommendation.
  • @jeffreyd508
    Me, ready to go to sleep...."Wait, maybe I should find out where salt comes from first"😅
  • @stuartmynard
    My Mum's father was a pioneering aviator in Papua New Guinea, flying cargo in and out of highland villages after WWII. Mum told me a story about her Dad finding a little boy with an Appendicitis when he landed in a village. He flew the boy back to Port Moresby so he could go to hospital for surgery. After he recovered they took him shopping to buy something to take back to the village. They told him he could pick anything he wanted. He apparently chose a giant bag of salt. He was welcomed as a hero when he landed. Even as a child, the boy well knew the value of salt. Thank you for another great documentary. Well researched and very informative.
  • @kn0bhe4d
    These history videos are absolute gems. In a way it teaches us more about humanity than the food.
  • @annon231
    Addit: Having just finished watching the last half of your salt documentary (after watching the first half in the early hours of today), I loudly proclaim to anybody who will listen, that this doco is your Phd treatise. Thank you, Dr Adam. I'm sure your Professorship is just around the corner. Your channel and your team's work is without peer on YouTube. It educates me and gives me immense pleasure.
  • @metalmyron
    In England all the place names that end in wich are roman towns founded on top of salt mines. lead salt pans were used by the Romans at Middlewich, Nantwich and Northwich and excavations at Middlewich and Nantwich have revealed extensive salt-making settlements.
  • 39:52 I've been conditioned to expect a "tap tap" after hearing hard tack mentioned anywhere. Thanks @tastinghistory
  • The mention of Sůl nad Zlato (EN: Salt over Gold, or Salt above Gold) makes me as a Czech really happy, thank you so much for mentioning it. A couple things that I should mention about the Czech folk tale version of this story, one which was first written down by Božena Němcová in her folk tail collection and was later made into the Byl Jednou Jeden Král... movie: 1. in the movie, there is a curse placed on the Kingdom after the King commands all salt to be dumped into the river, to show that salt is "worthless to him". This backfires, but actually for a different reason: no one can enjoy eating savory foods without salt anymore, so they try to eat sweet things but get tired of it after a while. 2. instead of being taken in by the Salt god, Maruška is taken in by a magical handmaiden, who lets her watch the events on her Father's court unfold through a magical mirror. This same magical handmaiden then also takes in the King after he almost dies in the swamp, being saved by the handmaiden. 3. Maruška never returns to the palace, giving her father the bottomless wooden salt bowl before he leaves the handmaids house in the swamp. She instead marries a fisherman that lives close to the swamp. 4. the only person who refuses to ever ever give up their salt, that being the widow Kubátová, is ironically who the king marries upon returning, after he has been taught his lesson and gained some common sense (or as we call it here "selský rozum" - directly translates to "farmer's wisdom". But that's trivia. Its amazing how much a folk tale can change from country to country, I haven't ever heard of the "Maruška marries the son of the Salt god" version of it until now xD. But it actually makes a lot of sense given how other Czech fairy tale adaptations such as The Prince and the Evening Star (CZ: Princ a Večernice) show a motif of marrying to a son/daughter of a God. It really makes me appreciate our Slavic folk stories more so than I would otherwise, since I take it for granted so often. And I would also be interested in what other people living or who've grown up in Slavic countries have as their variations on these fairy tales, so please comment down bellow if you have unique stuff you want to mention. More the merrier!
  • @jsbjsb5933
    For those who want to know, the song playing in this video is Mozart's 20th Piano Concerto in D Minor K. 466
  • You’re my fave food history channel . I can get bored of cooking shows but food history is just right up my autistic alley !
  • @jusjengkol
    Here in Indonesia, there is an old taboo that a house has to have rice, cooking oil and salt, or the house will bring misfortune. Even after online food delivery right now we have in urban, we still keep those three in our house.
  • @ddeviddyoung
    Do one with sugar... Starting and history of sugarcane cultivation. Love these documentary
  • @pisos95
    I remember learning the world "salty" as in "a salty person" I didn't quite understand why it was something negative since in Spanish being salty means being happy and cheerful
  • @kgkg-nk6rd
    You gotta love youtube , one minute im watching a video on the Troubles in Northern Ireland , next im watching the History Of Salt 😂😂
  • @aaronsomek
    I'm going to need to watch this video 6 or 10 more times to actually absorb all the information. You're amazing. I look forward to your videos every week.
  • @deedee7780
    This channel is a gold mine - I mean a salt mine 😜
  • @Niksg9424
    Well, there goes my morning. Time to go make a breakfast stir fry and hang out with yall. My parents immigrated from north Germany so im basically a salt expert and connoisseur